Following completion of Chapter 6, students should be able to:

1. Explain why nitrogen is removed from wastewater.
2. Identify the types of nitrogen removal systems.
3. Describe nitrification and denitrification processes.
4. Operate nitrification and denitrification processes.
5. Describe the differences between suspended growth and fixed film reactors.
6. Explain how ammonia stripping, breakpoint chlorination, and ion exchange processes remove nitrogen.

The main purpose of this chapter is to teach operators how to safely start up, operate, shut down, and maintain treatment processes used for nitrogen removal. The processes described include nitrification using suspended and attached growth reactors, nitrogen removal by ammonia stripping, and breakpoint chlorination.

Close