Corrections for OWP Products

Paragraph 1, line 2

For: Section 1.51

Read: Section 1.5.1

Example 1 equation

For:

\(\eqalign{
  & MER\left[ {{{lb} \over d}} \right]\, &  = \,Q\,\left[ {MGD} \right] \times {C_{waste}}\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times {{8.34\,lb} \over {gal}}  \cr
  &  &  = \,0.01\left[ {MGD} \right] \times 4.5\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times {{8.34\,lb} \over {gal}}\,  \cr
  &  &  = \,0.38\,{{lb} \over d} \cr} \)

Read:

\(\eqalign{
  & MER\left[ {{{lb} \over d}} \right]\, &  = \,Q\,\left[ {MGD} \right] \times {C_{waste}}\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34  \cr
  &  &  = \,0.01\left[ {MGD} \right] \times 4.5\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34\,  \cr
  &  &  = \,0.38\,{{lb} \over d} \cr} \)

Section 1.7, “Regulatory Requirements,” paragraph 1, line 3

For: statues

Read: statutes

Section 2.3.5.2, “Chemical Hazards,” paragraph 3, line 3

For: Figure 2.8

Read: Figure 2.9

Question 17, response b

For: 23.9 gal/min

Read: 19.4 gal/min

Example 12, first equation on page

For:

\(\eqalign{
  & M{R_{solids}}\left[ {{{lb} \over {min}}} \right] &  = Q\left[ {{{Mgal} \over {min}}} \right] \times SS\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34  \cr
  &  &  = Q\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {M \over {{{10}^6}}} \times SS\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34  \cr
  &  &  = 100\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {M \over {{{10}^6}}} \times 9,000\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34 = 7.5\,{{lb} \over {min}} \cr} \)

Read:

\(\eqalign{
  & M{R_{solids}}\left[ {{{lb} \over {min}}} \right] &  = {Q_{solids}}\left[ {{{Mgal} \over {min}}} \right] \times SS\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34  \cr
  &  &  = {Q_{solids}}\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {M \over {{{10}^6}}} \times SS\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34  \cr
  &  &  = 100\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {M \over {{{10}^6}}} \times 9,000\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] \times 8.34 = 7.5\,{{lb} \over {min}} \cr} \)

Example 17—US Customary equation

For:

\(\eqalign{
  & D\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] &  = {\matrix{
  {Q_{polymer}}\left[ {{{mL} \over {min}}} \right] \times C\left[ {{{lb} \over {gal}}} \right] \times {L \over {1,000\,mL}} \times {{gal} \over {3.785\,L}} \times {{kg} \over {2.205\,lb}} \hfill \cr
  \,\,\,\,\,\,\, \times {{{{10}^6}\,mg} \over {kg}} \hfill \cr}  \over {Q\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {{3.785\,L} \over {gal}}}}  \cr
  &  &  = {{88\left[ {{{mL} \over {min}}} \right] \times 5.4\left[ {{{lb} \over {gal}}} \right] \times {L \over {1,000\,mL}} \times {{gal} \over {3.785\,L}} \times {{kg} \over {2.205\,lb}} \times {{{{10}^6}\,mg} \over {kg}}} \over {3,000\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {{3.785\,L} \over {gal}}}}  \cr
  &  &  = 5\,{{mg} \over L} \cr} \)

Read:

\(\eqalign{
  & D\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right] &  = {\matrix{
  {Q_{alum}}\left[ {{{mL} \over {min}}} \right] \times C\left[ {{{lb} \over {gal}}} \right] \times {L \over {1,000\,mL}} \times {{gal} \over {3.785\,L}} \times {{kg} \over {2.205\,lb}} \hfill \cr
  \,\,\,\,\,\,\, \times {{{{10}^6}\,mg} \over {kg}} \hfill \cr}  \over {Q\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {{3.785\,L} \over {gal}}}}  \cr
  &  &  = {{88\left[ {{{mL} \over {min}}} \right] \times 5.4\left[ {{{lb} \over {gal}}} \right] \times {L \over {1,000\,mL}} \times {{gal} \over {3.785\,L}} \times {{kg} \over {2.205\,lb}} \times {{{{10}^6}\,mg} \over {kg}}} \over {3,000\left[ {{{gal} \over {min}}} \right] \times {{3.785\,L} \over {gal}}}}  \cr
  &  &  = 5\,{{mg} \over L} \cr} \)

Figure 5.59, top of graphic

For: MACRO RANGE

Read: MICRO RANGE

For: MICRO PARTICLE RANGE

Read: MACRO PARTICLE RANGE

Figure 5.73, bottom-right label

For: memebrane

Read: membrane

Sidebar definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

An electrolytic cell capable of producing electric energy by electrochemical reaction. The decomposition of materials in the cell causes an electric (electron) current to flow from anode to cathode.

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Example 9 equation

For:

\(\eqalign{
  & E\left[ \%  \right]\, &  = \,{{{C_{in}}\left[ {{{lb} \over {\,d}}} \right]\,\, - \,{C_{out}}\,\left[ {{{lb} \over {\,d}}} \right]} \over {{C_{in}}\left[ {{{lb} \over {\,d}}} \right]\,\,}} \times \,100\% \,  \cr
  &  &  = \,{{100\left[ {{{lb} \over {\,d}}} \right]\,\, - \,10\,\left[ {{{lb} \over {\,d}}} \right]} \over {100\left[ {{{lb} \over {\,d}}} \right]\,\,}}\, \times \,100\%   \cr
  &  &  = \,90\left[ \%  \right]\, \cr} \)

Read:

\(\eqalign{
  & E\left[ \%  \right]\, &  = \,{{{C_{in}}\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right]\,\, - \,{C_{out}}\,\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right]} \over {{C_{in}}\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right]\,\,}} \times \,100\% \,  \cr
  &  &  = \,{{100\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right]\,\, - \,10\,\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right]} \over {100\left[ {{{mg} \over L}} \right]\,\,}}\, \times \,100\%   \cr
  &  &  = \,90\left[ \%  \right]\, \cr} \)

Paragraph 3, line 5

For: hese

Read: these

Example 3, Unknown column

For: V_sl = daily volume of sludge, gal/d

Read: V_sl = daily volume of sludge, gal

Example 4, Unknown column

For: V_sl = daily volume of sludge, gal/d

Read: V_sl = daily volume of sludge, gal

Example 25, number 2 equation, answer

For: 607 lb/ft · h

Read: 183 lb/ft · h

Example 46, Known column, line 4

For: C_w,c = 30% moisture

Read: C_w,compost = 30% moisture

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Section 1.2.1, “Overview of O&M Challenges,” paragraph 2, bullet 1, line 1

For: ewers

Read: sewers

Question 1

For:

1. What is another name for a wastewater collection system?
a. Septage system
b. Septic system
c. Sewerage system
d. Storm sewer

Read:

1. What is another name for a wastewater collection system?
a. Sewerage system
b. Septic system
c. Distribution system
d. Storm sewer

Example 1, Residential flow equation (bottom of page)

For: gpd

Read: 85 gpd

Figure 2.11, bottom third of figure, number 1, line 2

For: accesssible

Read: accessible

Line 7

For: Figures 2.14 and 2.15

Read: Figures 2.13 and 2.14

Line 11

For: Figures 2.14 and 2.15

Read: Figures 2.13 and 2.14

Line 6

For: Figures 2.17 and 2.19

Read: Figures 2.16 and 2.18

Figure 2.22, lower left-hand label, line 1

For: Exagerated

Read: Exaggerated

Line 8

For: Figure 3.6

Read: Figure 3.7

Sidebar information note, line 2

Transpose the quotation mark and the period.

Sidebar information note, line 3

Transpose the right quotation mark and the comma.

Figure 5.2 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.4 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Section 5.2.1.4, “Cleaning Operation,” paragraph 2, line 2

For: pump

Read: cleaning nozzle

Figure 5.11 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.11 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.14 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.15 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.16 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.17 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Figure 5.18 caption, credit line

For: SRECO_FLEXIBLE, Inc

Read: SRECO Flexible, Inc

Section 6.1.5.1, “Working with AC Pipe,” paragraph 2, line 3

For: sulphates

Read: sulfates

Section 6.5.8, “Bedding, Backfilling, and Compaction,” paragraph 3, line 1

For: scrubs

Read: shrubs

Example 3, last paragraph

For: The test time, 160 seconds, is greater than 61 seconds (the smaller of t_Q and t_q), so this section of pipe passes.

Read: The test time, 160 seconds, is less than 282 seconds (the smaller of t_Q and t_q), so this section of pipe fails.

Paragraph 1 (in the pink box)

For: The test time of 225 is greater than the smaller of t_Q and t_q, therefore, this section of pipe passes.

Read: The test time of 225 is less than the smaller of t_Q and t_q, therefore, this section of pipe fails.

Question 47, responses a through d

For:

a. 300 GPD/in/mi
b. 325 GPD/in/mi
c. 375 GPD/in/mi
d. 400 GPD/in/mi

Read:

a. 350 GPD/in/mi
b. 450 GPD/in/mi
c. 570 GPD/in/mi
d. 380 GPD/in/mi

Key Terms

For: total dynamic head (TDM)

Read: total dynamic head (TDH)

Section A.7.8 title

For: Pump Speed-Performance Relationships

Read: Pump Speed–Performance Relationships

Section A.8.3.1, “Graphs and Charts,” paragraph 2, line 11

For: yaxis

Read: y-axis

Example 63, equation, line 3

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Answer Key, Chapter 1, “Introduction to Wastewater Collection,” answer 16

For: a

Read: b

Figure 2.11, third label from bottom

For: 2" cleanout/conection for blowoff valve

Read: 2" cleanout/connection for blowoff valve

First and second items under the first instance of “where,” (near top of page)

For:

P_out = power factor in hp
P_in = power factor in kW

Read:

P_out = power output in hp
P_in = power input in kW

First item under the second instance of “where,” (bottom of page)

For: i_unbalance[%] = current imbalance in percent

Read: i_unbalance[%] = current unbalance in percent

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 5

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

“ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEMS” section, paragraph 1, lines 5 and 6

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Line 2

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Section 2.5.8, “Safety Valves,” paragraph 1, lines 4 and 5

For: “Chlorine Container”

Read:  “Chlorine Containers”

Example 7, Unknown column

For: velocity, ft/s

Read: v = velocity, ft/s

Section 3.5.3, “Vortex-Type Grit Chambers,” line 8

For: Figure 1.9

Read: Figure 1.8

Sidebar information note, line 5

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Example 1, Unknown column

For: food to microorganism ratio, lb BOD/lb MLVSS • d

Read: food to microorganism ratio, lb BOD/lb VSS • d

Second line from the bottom

For: Section 5.2.7.4, Process Inspection,”

Read: Section 5.2.7.4, “Process Inspection,”

Lines 16 and 17

For: a poor-settled sludge

Read: a poorly settled sludge

Second sidebar information note, line 4

For: Examinations

Read: Examination

Bullet 3 (under paragraph 5), line 2

For: Separations

Read: Separation

Sidebar information note, line 4

For: Record-keeping

Read: Recordkeeping

Table 5.5, “VSS” table head

The VSS table head and its accompanying rule, which currently sit over the “Aer, %” column, should should extend to include the “Total Vol, lb” column.

Table 5.5, footnote a

For: Middle of three aerations tanks.

Read: Middle of three aeration tanks. Aer, mg/L is the MLSS and Aer, % is the volatile fraction of the MLSS.

Table 5.5, footnote b

For: Multiply lb × 0.454 to obtain kg.

Read: Total mass of volatile solids in all three aeration tanks, lb. Multiply lb × 0.454 to obtain kg.

Section 5.5.3.4, “Stiff White Foam,” paragraph 1, line 1

For: young sludge or an underloaded system

Read: young sludge or an overloaded system

Line 4

For: Systems

Read: System

Paragraph 2, line 1

For: Figure 5.67

Read: Figure 5.71

Paragraph 4, line 1

For: Figure 5.67

Section 5.7, “Startup and Shutdown,” paragraph 2, line 5

For: “Process Startup After Initial Construction,”

Read: “Startup After Initial Construction,”

Section 5.7, “Startup and Shutdown,” paragraph 2, lines 9 and 10

For: “Process Long-Term Shutdown and Startup Procedures”

Read: “Long-Term Shutdown and Startup Procedures”

Section 5.7, “Startup and Shutdown,” paragraph 2, lines 10 and 11

For: “Process Short-Term Shutdown and Startup Procedures,”

Read: “Short-Term Shutdown and Startup Procedures,”

Paragraph 3, line 5

For: Figure 5.68

Read: Figure 5.72

Line 3 from the bottom

For: Figure 5.69

Read: Figure 5.72

“SECONDARY CLARIFIERS” section, bullet 1

For: See Section 5.7.4.2, “Flow Control Gates, Valves, and Weirs,” for checking out the water control structures.

Read: See “Flow Control Gates, Valves, and Weirs” in this section.

Paragraph 2, line 1

For: “Equipment Startup and Shutdown,”

Read: “Startup and Shutdown,”

Section 5.7.7.1, “ASP Influent and Effluent Flow Control Equipment,” Paragraph 2, line 1

For: “Equipment Startup and Shutdown,”

Read: “Startup and Shutdown,”

Section 5.7.7.2, “Surface Aerators and Mixers,” Paragraph 1, line 4

For: “Equipment Startup and Shutdown,”

Read: “Startup and Shutdown,”

Section 5.8.5, “Secondary Clarifiers,” paragraph 2, line 2

For: scrapper

Read: scraper

Sidebar information note, line 4

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Table 6.11 caption

For: FFBR

Read: FBBR

Table 6.11 column heads (2 instances)

For: FFBR

Read: FBBR

Table 6.11, column 2 body (2 instances)

For: FFBR

Read: FBBR

Sidebar information note, line 8

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Line 11 from the bottom

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Line 7

For: Processes

Read: Systems

Lines 1 and 2 from the bottom

For: “Activated Sludge (Secondary Treatment)”

Read: “Activated Sludge Systems (Secondary Treatment)”

Section 6.4.8, “Startup and Shutdown Procedures,” paragraph 2, line 1

For: MRRB

Read: MBBR

Section 7.3.2.1, “Free Chlorine,” pink box, line 1

For: hypochloric acid

Read: hydrochloric acid

Section 7.3.2.2, “Hypochlorite,” pink box, line 2

For: hydroge ion

Read: hydrogen ion

Figure 7.29, “Radiation spectrum and UV lamp output”

For: UV-A

Read: UV-C

For: UV-C

Read: UV-A

Example 1—Metric, number 2 equation

For: \[0.077{{\left[ {persons} \right]} \over {{m^2}}}\]

Read: \[0.077{{persons} \over {{m^2}}}\]

Example 2—US Customary Units, paragraph following number 3

Delete:

The detention time was reduced to 36.9 days, which means that the water on average spends less time in the lagoon. Therefore, the lagoon system has less time to treat the wastewater. The increase in flow increases the organic (BOD) loading rate. That is, the lagoon has to treat more organic matter.

Example 2—US Customary Units, first paragraph on page

For: In addition, the calculated organic (BOD) loading rate is 59.0 pounds per acre per day. This means the lagoon system continues to operate properly because the loading rate did not exceed the maximum 60 pounds per acre per day.

Read: The increase in flow increases the organic (BOD) loading rate. That is, the lagoon has to treat more organic matter. The calculated organic (BOD) loading rate is 59.0 pounds per acre per day. This means the lagoon system continues to operate properly because the loading rate did not exceed the maximum 60 pounds per acre per day.

Section 8.7.13, “Batch and Controlled Discharge Operations,” paragraph 3, line 6

For: ef-fluent

Read: effluent

“Check Your Understanding,” question 4

Delete the second question mark.

Question 22, response b

For: breading

Read: breeding

Section 9.2.1, “Laboratory Hazards,” paragraph 2, line 6

For: is

Read: are

Section 9.2.2.8, “Using Proper Laboratory Techniques,” paragraph 3, lines 4 and 5

For: To avoid splashing acid, always pour acid into water; do not pour water into acid.

Read: To avoid splashing acid, always pour acid into water and mix the solution. Do not pour water into acid.

Paragraph 5 (above Example 11), line 1

For: water or hydration

Read: water of hydration

Section 9.3.4.4, “Liquid Solutions—Dilution Ratio,” paragraph 2, lines 4 and 5

For: dilution ratio

Read: dilution factor

Equation in pink box

For: 200 mg/L

Read: 220 mg/L

“TYPICAL VALUES” section, right column head

Insert a space between the comma and μS.

Table 9.10, right column

For: Bromcresol

Read: Bromocresol

For: bromcresol

Read: bromocresol

Paragraph between the first 2 pink boxes, lines 1 through 3

For: SDI is defined as the weight in mg of solids per 100 mL of mixed liquor suspended solids (after 30 minutes of settling).

Read: SDI is defined as the weight in g of solids per 100 mL of mixed liquor suspended solids (after 30 minutes of settling).

“Rounding” sidebar, paragraph 1, line 14

For: tenths

Line 1

For: gages

Read: gauges

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 5

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

“Check Your Understanding,” question 4

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Question 16

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

“Learning Objectives,” item 2

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Paragraph 1, line 1

For: Phosphorous

Read: Phosphorus

Paragraph 4, line 2

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Example 1, line 3

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

“Check Your Understanding,” question 1

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Figure 2.17, third orange row

For: In two-stage activated sludge system, SVI of nitrification sludge is very high (greater than 250)

Read: In 2-stage activated sludge systems, SVI of nitrification sludge is very high (greater than 250)

Figure 2.19 caption

For: Nitrification-denitrification

Read: Nitrification–denitrification

Figure 2.20 caption

For: Nitrification-denitrification

Read: Nitrification–denitrification

Section 2.3, “Phosphorus Removal,” paragraph 1, lines 8 and 9; paragraph 2, lines 1 and 2

For: Phosphorous or phosphorous

Read: Phosphorus or phosphorus

Section 2.3.1, “Biological Phosphorus Removal,” multiple instances

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Figure 2.28 caption

For: Phosphorous

Read: Phosphorus

“Check Your Understanding,” questions 1, 2 (two instances), 3, and 4

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

“Check Your Understanding,” questions 1, 3, and 4

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Section 2.3.3, title and line 1

For: Phosphorous

Read: Phosphorus

Lines 2 and 3 from the bottom

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Multiple instances on the page

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Figure 2.37 courtesy line

For: Reprinted with permission of Patrick Wiley, Sanford Sewerage District, Sanford, Maine

Read: Reprinted with permission of Patrick Wiley and the Sanford Sewerage District, Sanford, Maine

Section 2.3.3.6, “Reviewing Plans and Specifications,” paragraph 1, line 9

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

“Check Your Understanding,” questions 1, 2, 3, and 4

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Paragraph 5, line 2

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

“Check Your Understanding,” questions 2 and 4

For: phosphorous

Section 2.4.4, “Optimizing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal,” paragraph 2, line 1

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Paragraph 1, lines 3, 10, and 11

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

“Check Your Understanding,” question 4

For: phosphorous

Question 3, response d

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Question 19, text and response c

For: Phosphorous or phosphorous

Read: Phosphorus or phosphorus

Question 31

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Line 18 under “Metal Salts”

For: principle

Read: principal

Figure 3.4 caption

For: Dry polymer in 1,650-pound bag and liquid polymer in 55-pound barrels and 275-pound totes

Read: Dry polymer in 1,650-pound bag and liquid polymer in 55-gallon barrels and 275-gallon totes

Paragraph 2, line 3

For: principle

Read: principal

Line 4 under “Liquid Injection Systems”

For: principle

Read: principal

Paragraph 1, line 10

For: principle

Read: principal

Section 3.2.4.2, “Performance Metrics,” line 1

For: principle

Read: principal

Example 7—Metric, number 1 equation

For: 10[ft]

Read: 10[m]

Section 3.3, “Conditioning,” paragraph 2, line 8

For: so the this section will focus on

Read: so this section will focus on

Example 10, line 2

For: to to

Read: to

Figure 3.59, top of graphic

For: MOLECUAR RANGE

Read: MOLECULAR RANGE

For: MACRO RANGE

Read: MICRO RANGE

For: MICRO PARTICLE RANGE

Read: MACRO PARTICLE RANGE

Figure 3.59 caption

For: contaminant

Read: contaminants

Example 13, line 3

For: feet

Read: foot

Example 13, Known column

For: A_surface = membrane surface area = 1,200 ft2

Read: A = membrane surface area = 1,200 ft²

For: Q_permeate = permeate flow rate = 25 gal/min

Read: Q_p = permeate flow rate = 25 gal/min

Example 13 equation, line 1

For: Q

Read: Q_p

Example 15, Known column (corrected version)

C_f = feed concentration = 10⁶ microorganisms/L
C_p = permeate concentration = 10 microorganisms/L

Example 19, Known column

For: F = temperature correction from standard 77°F = 0.742.

Read: F = temperature correction from standard 77°F = 0.762.

Example 20, line 1

For: Example 13

Read: Example 19

Example 20 equation

For: membrane area [ft²]

Read: A [ft²]

Bullet 2 from the top, lines 1 and 2

For: (including fats, oils, grease surfactants and fatty acids)

Read: (including fats, oils, grease, surface active agents, and fatty acids)

Paragraph 4, line 7

For: principle

Read: principal

Question 48, line 1

For: producitivity

Read: productivity

Question 48, response c

For: 114 gal/ft²/d

Read: 118 gal/ft²/d

Example 1, number 1, line 1

For: pound

Read: pounds

Example 1, number 3, first equation, line 2

For: 2,753

Read: 3,753

Example 1, number 3, first equation, line 2

For: 2,753

Read: 3,753

Example 2, Known column

For: BOD_in

Read: C_in

For: BOD_out

Read: C_out

Example 3, Unknown column

For: gal/d

Read: gal

Example 4, Unknown column

For: gal/d

Read: gal

Example 4, paragraph before equation, line 1

For: voulme

Read: volume

Example 5, end of paragraph 1

Insert: Assume a specific gravity of 1.0 for the sludge.

Example 5, end of Known column

Insert: SG_sl = specific gravity of the sludge = 1.0

Example 5, number 1 equation, line 1

For: P_s

Read: P_s1

Example 7, end of paragraph 1

Insert: Assume a specific gravity of 1.0 for the sludge.

Example 7, Known column

For: Q_s1

Read: Q_sl

Example 7, end of Known column

Insert: SG_sl = specific gravity of the sludge = 1.0

Example 7, number 1

For: Calculate the daily volume of the sludge (Q_sl).

Read: Convert the daily volume of the sludge (Q_sl) from gallons per minute to gallons per day.

Example 12, Unknown column

For: Sludge withdrawal rate, lb/min

Read: MR_{s, sl} = sludge withdrawal rate, lb/min

Example 12, number 2

For: Calculate the solids leaving the thickener M_{s, sl} in pounds per minute.

Read: Calculate the solids leaving the thickener (M_{s, sl}) in pounds per minute.

Example 18 equation

For: Q_in

Read: Q_solids

Example 21, number 2 equation

For: Q_influent

Read: HLR

Example 22, number 2 equation

For: Q_influent

Example 23, line 1

For: basket

Read: basket centrifuge

Line 1

For: eficiency

Read: efficiency

Section 4.3.3.6, “Troubleshooting,” line 1

For: Since

Read: Because

Sidebar definition for “free water,” last line

For: filtration and centrifugation.

Read: filtration, and centrifugation.

Example 25, number 2 equation, answer

For: 607 lb/ft · h

Read: 183 lb/ft · h

Figure 4.17 caption

For: Enclosed RDT with one of the access panels removed (left) and installed (right)

Read: Enclosed RDT with one of the access panels installed (left) and removed (right)

Figure 4.23 caption

For: Most widely used cylindrical shaped anaerobic digester

Read: Cylindrical anaerobic digesters

Figure 4.24 caption

For: digester

Read: digesters

“STRUVITE CONTROL” section, paragraph 1, line 9

For: vivianite (Fe₃(PO₄)₂

Read: vivianite (Fe₃(PO₄)₂)

Sidebar information note, lines 2 and 3

For: Section 4.1. 4.3

Read: Section 4.1.4.3

Example 29, Unknown column, first item

For: M_TS = mass of total solids. lb

Read: M_TS = mass of total solids, lb

Example 34, paragraph 1, line 4

For: ouput

Read: output

Example 37, number 2, second equation

For: M_{TS, out} [lb]

Read: M_{TS, in} [lb]

Sidebar definition for “acid regression stage”

For:

acid regression stage
A stage of anaerobic digestion during which the production of volatile acids is reduced and acetate and ammonia compounds form, causing the pH to increase.

Read:

acid regression stage
A stage of anaerobic digestion during which the concentration of volatile acids is reduced and acetate and ammonia compounds form, causing the pH to increase.

Section 4.4.1.14, “Example of Actual Operation,” paragraph 2, line 3

For: stystem

Read: system

First pink box

For: biomass + oxygen → water + ammonium carbonate

Read: biomass + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ammonium carbonate

Table 4.15 source information (missing in earlier printings)

Sources: J. C. Dyer, A. S. Vernick, and H. D. Feiler, Handbook of Industrial Wastes Pretreatment/Water Management Series, Garland STPM Press, New York, NY, 1981.
Wastewater Treatment Plant Design/Manual of Practice No. 8. Water Pollution Control Federation, Lancaster Press, Inc., Lancaster, PA, 1982.

“DIGESTION TEMPERATURE” section, paragraph 2, line 7

For: the temperature

Read: the sludge temperature

“DIGESTION TEMPERATURE” section, paragraph 2, lines 8–10

For: Degree-days is the multiplication of temperature 32°F (0°C) of sludge inside the digester and SRT (days).

Read: To determine degree-days, multiply the sludge temperature (°C) and the SRT (days).

Example 45, line 3

For: ton

Read: ton of sludge solids

Example 45, number 2 equation, line 1

For: +

Read: ×

Example 46, end of Known column

Insert: P_w,blend = 50% moisture

Example 46, number 1, line 1

For: dewatered sludge

Read: dewatered sludge (P_w,sludge)

Example 46, Unknown column

For: MR_C

Read: MR_c

Example 47, end of Known column

Insert: P_w,blend = 50% moisture

Example 47, number 1, line 1

For: dewatered sludge

Read: dewatered sludge (P_w,sludge)

Example 48, Known column, second item

For: P_S

Read: P_{s, in}

Figure 4.64

The photo shows a gravity belt thickener, not a belt filter press.

Example 49, sentence before equation

For: Determine the hydraulic loading in gallons per minute per meter.

Read: Determine the hydraulic loading in gallons per meter per minute.

Section 4.5.1.4, “Rotary Press,” paragraph 4, line 7

For: introuduces

Read: introduces

Section 5.1.4.5, “Disinfection Systems,” paragraph 3, line 1

For: principle

Read: principal

Section 5.3, “Motors,” paragraph 4, line 1

For: principle

Read: principal

Figure 5.79, first orange row

For: idicated

Read: indicated

Second sidebar information note, line 3

For: Section 5.3

Read: Section A.5.3

Figure 5.88, credit line

For: Reprinted with permission of Girard Industries, www.girardind.com

Read: Reprinted with permission of Girard Industries, girardindustries.com

Example 19—Metric, second equation

For: \[A = {1 \over 2}B \times H{1 \over 2} \times 3\left[ m \right] \times 1.5\left[ m \right] = 2.25{\rm{ }}{m^2}\]

Read: \[A = {1 \over 2}B \times H = {1 \over 2} \times 3\left[ m \right] \times 1.5\left[ m \right] = 2.25{\rm{ }}{m^2}\]

Example 24—US Customary Units equation, line 4

For: 375 ft ³

Read: 3.75 ft ³

Figure A.15

For: cutoff type to the right of the graphic

Read: H

Information sidebar, paragraph 2, lines 10–14

For: For instance, in Example 27 on calculating the volume of a cone, the precise answer is 10,472 ft³, but it is also correct to say that the volume is about 10,500 ft³.

Read: For instance, an operator calculated the volume of a cone, and the precise answer is 10,472 ft³. It is also correct to say that the volume is about 10,500 ft³.

Example 43—US Customary Units, third equation (velocity, v)

For: $$v\left[ {{{ft} \over s}} \right] = {{Q\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {A\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = {{1.114\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {0.5\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = 3.18{{ft} \over s} = 3.18\,fps$$

Read: $$v\left[ {{{ft} \over s}} \right] = {{Q\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {A\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = {{1.114\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {0.35\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = 3.18{{ft} \over s} = 3.18\,fps$$

Example 44—US Customary Units, second equation from the top, line 2

For:

$$1.73{{ib} \over {i{n^2}}}$$

Read:

$$1.73{{lb} \over {i{n^2}}}$$

Example 73, equation, line 3

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 73, equation, line 4

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 1, “Introduction to Wastewater Treatment,” answer 12

For: collection treatment, discharge/reuse

Read: collection, treatment, discharge/reuse

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 1, “Introduction to Wastewater Treatment,” answer 19

For: hydrogen sulfide (H2S), organic gases

Read: hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), organic gases

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 2, “Nutrient Removal (Tertiary Treatment),” answer 8

For: alkalinity, DO, levels, oxic sludge retentation time

Read: alkalinity, DO levels, oxic sludge retention time

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 2, “Nutrient Removal (Tertiary Treatment),” answer 16

For: ammonia, gaseous ammonia

Read: ammonium, gaseous ammonia

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 2, “Nutrient Removal (Tertiary Treatment),” answer 19

For: alkalinity, DO levels, oxic sludge retention time

Read: c

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 2, “Nutrient Removal (Tertiary Treatment),” answer 20

For: b

Read: a

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 4, “Residual Solids Management”

1. g
2. c
3. i
4. d
5. b
6. e
7. f
8. a
9. h
10. j
11. c
12. c
13. b
14. 40 CFR Part 503, sewage sludge biosolids
15. c
16. a
17. c
18. d
19. amount of solids, sludge blanket, thickener
20. c
21. flow, continuous, constant
22. a
23. solid bowl, decrease, drier
24. b
25. a
26. d
27. anaerobic, organic, hydrolysis, fermentation, methanogenesis
28. c
29. d
30. b
31. c
32. a
33. d
34. a
35. c
36. conversion, carbon dioxide, microorganisms
37. d
38. d
39. b
40. c
41. prevent anaerobic conditions, excessive heat loss occurs
42. physical, thermal, electrical
43. b
44. d
45. c
46. c
47. incineration, combustion, ash
48. d
49. a
50. the DLD landfill contaminated runoff, intermittent, continuously flowing surface streams

Glossary definition for “acid regression stage”

For: acid regression stage A stage of anaerobic digestion during which the production of volatile acids is reduced and acetate and ammonia compounds form, causing the pH to increase.

Read: acid regression stage A stage of anaerobic digestion during which the concentration of volatile acids is reduced and acetate and ammonia compounds form, causing the pH to increase.

Glossary definition for “bound water”

For: bound water Water contained within the cell mass of sludges or strongly held on the surface of colloidal particles. A cause of bulking sludge in the activated sludge process.

Read: bound water Water contained within the cell mass of sludges or strongly held on the surface of colloidal particles. A cause of bulking sludge in the activated sludge process. Also see free water.

Restore the missing definition between “free residual chlorination” and “friction loss”:

free water The water particle that is not attached to the sludge solids. Free water can be removed using the physical processes such as gravity, filtration, and centrifugation. Also see bound water.

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

For: Chemical phosphorous removal

Read: Chemical phosphorus removal

Second entry under “Phosphorus removal”

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Second full paragraph after the bulleted items, line 6

For: phosphorous

Read: phosphorus

Sidebar definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Figure 4.92 caption, credit line

For: Reprinted with permission of YSI, a Xylem brand

Read: Left: Reprinted with permission of Hach Company; right: Reprinted with permission of YSI, a Xylem brand

Paragraph 2, line 7

For: Section 4.8

Read: Section 4.2

Sidebar information note, lines 3 and 4

For: Section A.8, “Analysis and Presentation of Data,”

Read: Section A.9, “Data Analysis and Presentation,”

Question 12, response d

For: 1,052.4 lb/d

Read: 682.9 lb/d

Example 19—Metric, second equation

For: \[A = {1 \over 2}B \times H{1 \over 2} \times 3\left[ m \right] \times 1.5\left[ m \right] = 2.25{\rm{ }}{m^2}\]

Read: \[A = {1 \over 2}B \times H = {1 \over 2} \times 3\left[ m \right] \times 1.5\left[ m \right] = 2.25{\rm{ }}{m^2}\]

Example 24—US Customary Units equation, line 4

For: 375 ft ³

Read: 3.75 ft ³

Figure A.15

For: cutoff type to the right of the graphic

Read: H

Information sidebar, paragraph 2, lines 10–14

For: For instance, in Example 27 on calculating the volume of a cone, the precise answer is 10,472 ft³, but it is also correct to say that the volume is about 10,500 ft³.

Read: For instance, an operator calculated the volume of a cone, and the precise answer is 10,472 ft³. It is also correct to say that the volume is about 10,500 ft³.

Example 43—US Customary Units, third equation (velocity, v)

For: $$v\left[ {{{ft} \over s}} \right] = {{Q\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {A\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = {{1.114\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {0.5\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = 3.18{{ft} \over s} = 3.18\,fps$$

Read: $$v\left[ {{{ft} \over s}} \right] = {{Q\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {A\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = {{1.114\left[ {{{f{t^3}} \over s}} \right]} \over {0.35\left[ {{\rm{f}}{{\rm{t}}^2}} \right]}} = 3.18{{ft} \over s} = 3.18\,fps$$

Example 44—US Customary Units, second equation from the top, line 2

For:

$$1.73{{ib} \over {i{n^2}}}$$

Read:

$$1.73{{lb} \over {i{n^2}}}$$

Example 73, equation, line 3

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 73, equation, line 4

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 4, “Instrumentation and Control”

1. treatment process, targeted effluent water quality standards
2. c
3. b
4. d
5. b
6. Ringing, process variable, set point value
7. often poorly ventilated, accumulate a dangerous atmosphere containing toxic and explosive gases, oxygen
enriched or deficient
8. a
9. a
10. b
11. c
12. d

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 4, “Instrumentation and Control” (continued)

13. d
14. b
15. d
16. c
17. Pressure switches, pressure threshold, exceeded
18. a
19. optics that capture the digital image, sensor that detects IR energy, microprocessor and memory module that
apply colors to the image that correspond to the apparent thermal gradient
20. b
21. b
22. d
23. b
24. c
25. c
26. c
27. biological activity, chemical reactions or releases, emissions from internal combustion engines
28. d
29. d
30. calibration, specially formulated gas mixture, target gases of known concentration
31. c
32. d
33. a
34. a
35. b
36. oxidizing, reducing strength, gain or lose electrons
37. d
38. a
39. c
40. d

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Second equation under “CONTAINER 1”

For: 6.24

Read: 62.4

Example 20, second equation, line 1

For:

$${C_{mix}} = {{{C_1} \times {V_1} + {C_2} \times {V_2}} \over {{V_1} \times {V_2}}}$$

Read:

$${C_{mix}} = {{{C_1} \times {V_1} + {C_2} \times {V_2}} \over {{V_1} + {V_2}}}$$

Question 19, response c

For: III

Read: IIIA

Last paragraph, line 3

For: V-notch weir (3.33)

Read: V-notch weir (Figure 3.33)

Example 8—Metric, first equation after “Calculate the flow rate …,” line 2

For: 0.07^1.5

Read: 0.075^1.5

Last item under “where,”

For: t_d = number of days the cooling tower is operation per year

Read: t_d = number of days the cooling tower is in operation per year

Last paragraph, line 2

For: temperature

Read: temperatures

Question 37, response b

For: 23.9 gal/min

Read: 19.4 gal/min

“Check Your Understanding,” question 4

For: operator

Read: inspector

“Check Your Understanding,” question 1

For: operator

Question 38, responses a through d

For:

a. 8,000 gal/d
b. 12,000 gal/d
c. 24,000 gal/d
d. 10,000 gal/d

Read:

a. 423 min
b. 282 min
c. 141 min
d. 338 min

Key Terms

For: OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Read: OSH Act of 1970 (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970)

Table 5.6, Symptom 7, “Leakage at the Toe of the Mound,” “Explanation,” line 1

For: Figure 5.32

Read: Figure 5.31

Section 1.2.1.3, “Groundwater,” paragraph 1, line 3

For: Figure 1.1

Read: Figure 1.2

Sidebar definition for “detention time,” equation

For: Time [d]

Read: Time [h]

Table 1.2, “Primary drinking water regulations,” “Inorganic Chemicals”

For: Arsenic 0.05 mg/L

Read: Arsenic 0.01 mg/L

Figure 2.4 caption

Delete the right parenthesis after “solids.”

Paragraph 2, line 3

For: \({\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle {22}$}
\kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em
\lower0.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 3$}}\)

Read: \(2{\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 2$}
\kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em
\lower0.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 3$}}\)

Example 5, paragraph 1, line 1

For: 60-Hz submersible

Read: 60 Hz submersible

Method 2, number 1 equation, line 1

For: 0.875

Read: 0.785

Section 2.12, “Math Assignment,” bullet 3

For:

• A.3, “Volume” (A.5.3.1 through A.5.3.6)

Read:

• A.5.3, “Volume” (A.5.3.1 through A.5.3.6)

Figure 3.7 caption, credit line

For: Muerer

Read: Meurer

Information sidebar, line 4

Add a period to the end of the sentence.

Second bulleted list, bullet 3, line 2

For: short-ci-rcuiting

Read: short-circuiting

Question 8, responses a through d

For:

a. 0.26 MGD
b. 0.28 MGD
c. 0.30 MGD
d. 0.32 MGD

Read:

a. 26 lb/d
b. 28 lb/d
c. 30 lb/d
d. 32 lb/d

“WHAT IS TESTED” section, table column head

For: Common Range, NTU

Read: Common Range, pH

Figure 6.30, bottom of figure, items to the right of “where”

For: xs

Read: x_s

For: nj

Read: n_j

For: zj

Read: z_j

For: zs

Read: z_s

Last paragraph, line 3

For: you can you can

Read: you can

Last paragraph, lines 5 through 7.

For:

For instance, if you dilute the sample in Example 4 above by 100 before running the three-dilution test, you can expect results like 4-3-3 or 4-4-2 or 5-1-1, all of which can be read directly from Table 6.4.

Read:

For instance, if you dilute the sample in Example 22 by 100 before running the three-dilution test, you would expect to get a 5-1-1 result, which can be read directly from Table 6.4.

Section 6.6, “Math Assignment,” bullets 2 and 3

For:

• A.6.10, “Laboratory Procedures” (English system)
• A.10.10, “Laboratory Procedures” (Metric system)

Read:

• A.9.6, “Laboratory Procedures” (English system)
• A.10.6, “Laboratory Procedures” (Metric system)

Section 7.2.1.2, “System Growth Rate,” line 5

For: forecast

Read: forecasted

Example 8, number 5 equation

For:

\[{\rm{t}}\left[ {{\rm{yr}}} \right]\, = {{{\rm{Initial}}\,{\rm{Cost}}\left[ $  \right]} \over {{\rm{Cost}}\,{\rm{Savings}}\left[ {{$  \over {{\rm{yr}}}}} \right]}} = {{$ 9,730.00} \over {$ 1,656.12}} = 5.9\,{\rm{yr}}\]

Read:

\[{\rm{t}}\left[ {{\rm{yr}}} \right]\, = {{{\rm{Initial}}\,{\rm{Cost}}\left[ $  \right]} \over {{\rm{Cost}}\,{\rm{Savings}}\left[ {{$  \over {{\rm{yr}}}}} \right]}} = {{$ 9,730.00} \over {{{$ 1,656.12} \over {{\rm{yr}}}}}} = 5.9\,{\rm{yr}}\]

Section A.5.7, “Velocity and Flow Rate,” equation in pink box after first paragraph

For: V

Read: v

Example 30 equation

For: V

Read: v

Example 31 equation

For: V

Read: v

Equations under the graphic

For: p0

Read: p₀

For: p1

Read: p₁

For: p2

Read: p₂

For: p3

Read: p₃

For: p4

Read: p₄

Example 38, equation below paragraph 3

For: P_avg

Read: p_avg

“Writing Numbers in the SI System” sidebar, paragraph 1, line 2

For: based on SI system

Read: based on the SI system

Section A.7.6, “Pump Characteristics,” paragraph 2, lines 5 and 6

For: If plotted on a graph, the curve appears as follows:

Read: If plotted on a graph, the curve appears as indicated in the Head/Capacity graph.

Section A.7.8 title

For: Pump Speed-Performance Relationships

Section A.8.3.1, “Graphs and Charts,” paragraph 2, line 11

For: yaxis

Paragraph above the second graph, lines 5 and 6

For: the dark line in the following figure

Read: the red line in the following graph

Paragraph above the second graph, line 7

For: gray line

Read: blue line

Graph 2

The vertical axis (y-axis) should be labeled “Mean Daily Flow (MGD)” and the horizontal axis (x-axis) should be labeled “Year.”

First pink box, number 7 equation

For: 100 mI

Read: 100mL

Example 63, equation, line 3

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Example 67 equation

For:

\[{\rm{r}} = {{{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{XY}}}}} \over {\sqrt {{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{XX}}}}{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{YY}}}}} }} = {{34} \over {\sqrt {28 \times } \,119}} = 0.59\]

Read:

\[{\rm{r}} = {{{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{XY}}}}} \over {\sqrt {{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{XX}}}}{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{YY}}}}} }} = {{34} \over {\sqrt {28 \times 119} }} = 0.59\]

Example 11, number 2 equation

For: 300 gpm

Read: 3,000 gpm

Example 3, number 3

For: kilograms per day (lb/d)

Read: kilograms per day (kg/d)

Example 3, number 3 equation, line 2

For: 62.4 lb/d

Read: 62.4 kg/d

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 4, “Disinfection”

1. a
2. f
3. g
4. i
5. c
6. d
7. e
8. h
9. j
10. b
11. disinfection, sterilization
12. disinfectants, compounds
13. a
14. b
15. carcinogenic compounds, ammonia, sulfide compounds, phenolic tastes and odors
16. d
17. weaken it, start leaking
18. d
19. c
20. dry, hydrochloric acid
21. a
22. 100°, 38°
23. ventilated air, chlorine
24. continuous, water consumers
25. a

Answer Key (corrected version), Chapter 4, “Disinfection” (continued)

26. c
27. technological difficulties, high energy costs
28. safety aspects, health effects
29. a
30. checking UV monitors, cleaning the UV lamps
31. d
32. b
33. b
34. a
35. d

Answer Key, Chapter 5, “Safety,” answer 10

For: c

Read: b

Answer Key, Chapter 7, “Introduction to Small System Management,” answer 22

For: d

Read: multiply, divide

Answer Key, Chapter 7, “Introduction to Small System Management,” answer 29

For: 398.00

Read: $398.00/mo

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

“OSH Act of 1970 (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970),” page listing

For: 500

Read: 439, 500

Figure 2.1, “Treatment of segregated metal finishing wastestreams”

For: From metal plating plating facility

Read: From metal plating facility

For: pH adjust tank

Read: pH adjustment tank

Table 2.3, “Conventional chemical treatment methods,” missing table note

^aAdapted from Metal Finishing Plating Buyers Guide, TMSI Contractors

Line 8 (under the first pink box)

For: water solution

Read: water solutions

Example 13, line 1

For: 4 percent or 1 normal sodium hydroxide solution

Read: 4 percent (1 N) sodium hydroxide solution

Example 13, sentence before the equation

For: Convert 4 percent to milligrams per liter.

Read: Convert the 4 percent sodium hydroxide solution to milligrams per liter.

Example 21, line 1

For: 1.0

Read: 1

Example 1, paragraph 1, line 4

For: 2 N

Read: 2 N

Example 1, number 1

For: Determine normality

Read: Determine the normality

Example 3, number 1

For: Determine normality

Read: Determine the normality

Example 6, line 3

For: 1 N

Read: 1 N

Example 12, number 3 equation, line 1

For: $${\rm{t}}\left[ h \right] = {{{{\rm{M}}_{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\left[ {lb} \right] \times {{gal} \over {8.34\,lb}} \times 100\% } \over {{{\rm{F}}_{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\left[ {{{gal} \over h}} \right]{{\rm{S}}_{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\left[ \%  \right]}}$$

Read: $${\rm{t}}\left[ h \right] = {{{{\rm{M}}_{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\left[ {lb} \right] \times {{gal} \over {8.34\,lb}} \times 100\% } \over {{{\rm{F}}_{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\left[ {{{gal} \over h}} \right] \times {{\rm{S}}_{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\left[ \%  \right]}}$$

Example 22, number 2 equation, line 3

For: 3.15

Read: 31.5

Equation in first pink box

For: 8.34 gal

Read: 8.34 lb

Equation in second pink box

For: V_Sludge (2 instances)

Read: V_sludge

For: S_Sludge (2 instances)

Read: S_sludge

Figure 1.18, lower right corner, paragraph under “Detection,” line 6

For: contaminantion

Read: contamination

Example 2, Unknown column, after line 1

Insert: E_nondebt = nondebt expense

Example 2, number 2 equation

For: OE[$]

Read: TOE[$]

Example 2, number 2 equation

For: $625,300

Read: $612,100

For: $1,353,700

Read: $1,366,900

Example 2, number 3 equation

For: $1,353,700

Read: $1,366,900

For: 1.72

Read: 1.7

Table 2.4, “List and Description of Factors Commonly Used to Evaluate Asset Condition,” “Structural Defects and Physical Condition,” line 1

For: a more likely to fail

Read: are more likely to fail

Table 2.4, “List and Description of Factors Commonly Used to Evaluate Asset Condition,” “Quality of Materials and Construction,” lines 3–5

For: For example, improperly sloped and bedded sewer lines will be impeded gravity flow and prevent the asset from adequately performing its intended function.

Read: For example, improperly sloped and bedded sewer lines will experience impeded gravity flow that will prevent the asset from adequately performing its intended function.

Table 1.2, “Primary drinking water regulations,” “Inorganic Chemicals”

For: Arsenic 0.05 mg/L

Read: Arsenic 0.01 mg/L

The page number (17) and running head (“Water Quality in Distribution Systems”) are missing.

Table 2.2, “Troubleshooting water quality problems in storage tanks and distribution systems”

Replace the table with:

Example 6, lines 3 through 5

For: According to Table 3.2, the allowable leakage is 30 gallons per day per mile of pipe per inch (gal/d · mi · in) of diameter.

Read: The allowable leakage is 30 gallons per day per mile of pipe per inch (gal/d · mi · in) of diameter.

Example 7, lines 3 through 5

For: According to Table 3.2, the allowable leakage is 1.45 gallons per hour for each 100 joints (gal/h · 100 joints) of 6-inch (in) pipe.

Read: The allowable leakage is 1.45 gallons per hour for each 100 joints (gal/h · 100 joints) of 6-inch (in) pipe.

Section 3.8.1, “Displacement Meters,” paragraph 1, line 3

For: 15 mm

Read: 15 cm

Question 16, lines 4 through 6

For: According to Table 3.1, the allowable leakage is 30 gallons per day per mile of pipe per inch of diameter.

Read: The allowable leakage is 30 gallons per day per mile of pipe per inch of diameter.

Section 4.9.1, “Disinfection of Mains,” paragraph 2, number 1, line 1

For: Liquid chlorine contains 100 percent available chlorine and is packaged in 100-pound, 150-pound, or 1-ton (45, 68, or 909 kg) steel cylinders.

Read: Gaseous chlorine contains 100 percent available chlorine and is packaged in 100-pound, 150-pound, or 1-ton (45, 68, or 909 kg) steel cylinders.

Section 5.3.3.2, “Reactions with Water,” first pink box, line 1

For: Hypochloric Acid

Read: Hydrochloric Acid

Number 3 (toward the bottom of the page), line 2

For: Table 6.8

Read: Table 6.7

Section 7.10.3.2 title

For: Cryptosporidium in water systems

Read: Cryptosporidium in Water Systems

“Appendix Outline,” A.9 and A.10

For:

A.9 Typical Water Treatment Plant Problems (English System) 672
A.10 Typical Water Treatment Plant Problems (Metric System) 686

Read:

A.9 Typical Water Distribution System Problems (English System) 672
A.10 Typical Water Distribution System Problems (Metric System) 686

“Rounding” sidebar (top right), paragraph 1, line 14

For: tenths

Read: tens

Section A.8.3.1, “Graphs and Charts,” paragraph 2, line 11

For: yaxis

Read: y-axis

Example 63, equation, line 3

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Example 3, number 3

For: kilograms per day (lb/d)

Read: kilograms per day (kg/d)

Example 3, number 3 equation, line 2

For: 62 lb/d

Read: 62 kg/d

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Table 1.2, “Primary Drinking Water Regulations,” “Inorganic Chemicals”

For: Arsenic 0.05 mg/L

Table 1.5, “Chemical Types and Characteristics,” “Coagulants”

Replace the “Coagulants” section with:

Sidebar definition for “detention time,” equation

For: Detention Time [d]

Read: Detention Time [h]

Equation at bottom of page

For: Volume[g]

Read: Volume[gal]

Sidebar definition for “detention time,” equation

For: Detention Time [d]

Figure 3.12, “Plot of settled water turbidity vs. cationic polymer dosage”

The vertical axis (y-axis) should be labeled “Settled Water Turbidity, TU” and the horizontal axis (x-axis) should be labeled “Cationic Polymer Dosage, mg/L.”

Sidebar equation

For: –2.1 lb

Read: 2.1 lb

Last paragraph, line 3

For: la-boratory-grade

Read: laboratory-grade

Example 18, Known column

For: Volumes of Setled Microsand

Read: Volumes of Settled Microsand

Example 18, number 2 equation, middle portion

For: 1,7000 [gal/L]

Read: 1,700 [g/L]

Example 18, number 2 equation, answer

For: 2.6 gal/L

Read: 2.6 g/L

Question 23, responses 1 through 4

For:

1. 1.9 gal/L
2. 2.3 gal/L
3. 2.8 gal/L
4. 3.8 gal/L

Read:

1. 1.9 g/L
2. 2.3 g/L
3. 2.8 g/L
4. 3.8 g/L

Chapter Outline

For: Chaper Review 256

Read: Chapter Review 256

Section 4.1, “Presedimentation,” paragraph 4, line 6

For: there servoir

Read: the reservoir

Section 4.3.1.3, “Circular and Square Basins,” line 6

For: problem

Read: problems

Figure 4.21, “Flow-through times for various types of sedimentation basins”

The vertical axis (y-axis) should be labeled “Actual Dye Concentration/Concentration If All Dye Mixed in Entire Basin” and the horizontal axis (x-axis) should be labeled “Actual Time/Calculated Detention Time.”

Number 3 equation, line 1

For: Alum Needing Alkalinity = [mg/L] Total Alum [mg/L]

Read: Alum Needing Alkalinity [mg/L] = Total Alum [mg/L]

Example 8 equation

For:

$$\eqalign{
  & {\rm{V/V}}\left[ \%  \right] &  = {{{V_{slurry}}\left[ {mL} \right] \times 100\% } \over {V\left[ {mL} \right]}}  \cr
  &  &  = {{21\left[ {mL} \right] \times 100\% } \over {100\left[ {mL} \right]}} \cr} $$

Read:

$$\eqalign{
  & {\rm{V/V}}\left[ \%  \right] &  = {{{V_{slurry}}\left[ {mL} \right] \times 100\% } \over {V\left[ {mL} \right]}}  \cr
  &  &  = {{21\left[ {mL} \right] \times 100\% } \over {100\left[ {mL} \right]}} = 21\%  \cr} $$

Question 10, line 3

For: 2.0 GPM

Read: 2.0 MGD

Figure 5.12 note, line 1

For: headloss

Read: head loss

Figure 5.13, “Typical filter effluent turbidity data”

The horizontal axis (x-axis) should be labeled “Filtration Time (hours).”

Figure 5.19, “Illustration of cumulative particle counts and differential particle counts”

For: 2 - 5 (2 instances)

Read: 2–5

For: 5 - 20 (2 instances)

Read: 5–20

For: Cummulative

Read: Cumulative

Line between the first and second pink boxes

For: where

Read: or

Example 3, number 4

For: gallons (g)

Read: gallons (gal)

Section 6.7.2, “Operation,” line 1

For: chloride dioxide generator

Read: chlorine dioxide generator

Figure 6.29, top of graphic

For: Mixed Oxidant Solution

Read: Mixed-Oxidant Solution

For: Elecrtrolytic Cell

Read: Electrolytic Cell

Example 7, number 2, last line of note

For: one in Example 7

Read: one

Example 8, Known column, line 1

For: F = Chlorinator Setting = 7.2 lb/d

Read: Cl_feed = Chlorinator Setting = 7.2 lb/d

Example 8, end of Known column

Insert: t = Time = 100 h

Example 8, number 1 equation, line 1

For: T

Read: t

Example 12, number 2

For: chlorine required (Clrequired)

Read: chlorine required (Cl_required)

Question 35, responses 1 through 4

For:

1. 11.5 lb/d
2. 13.6 lb/d
3. 15.8 lb/d
4. 17.3 lb/d

Read:

1. 1.6 %
2. 1.3 %
3. 1.5 %
4. 1.4 %

Sidebar definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Chemical reation (cathode reaction) in the pink box, line 2

For:

$${{\rm{O}}_2} + 4\,{{\rm{e}}^ - } + 2\,{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}} \to 4\,{\rm{OH}}$$

Read:

$${{\rm{O}}_2} + 4\,{{\rm{e}}^ - } + 2\,{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}} \to 4\,{\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^ - }$$

Table 7.4, note below table, line 1

For: Langelier Index = pH − pHS

Read: Langelier Index = pH − pH_S

Section 7.8, “Math Assignment”

Delete bullet 2: A.7, “Pumps”

Figure 9.1 note

For: poper

Read: proper

Example 9

Insert sentence at the end of paragraph 1:

Because you get 1 Na⁺ for every NaCl, 0.025 mol/L of Na⁺ requires 0.025 mol/L of NaCl.

Example 9

Delete the last paragraph.

Section 9.2.3.3, “Normality,” items under “Where,”

For:

M = Molar Concentration (Molarity)
z = Number of H⁺ or OH⁻ Reaction Sites per Molecule

Read:

N = Normality
M = Molar Concentration (Molarity)
z = Number of H⁺ or OH⁻ (or Other H⁺) Reaction Sites per Molecule

Sidebar definition for “N (normal)” (corrected version)

A normal solution contains 1 gram equivalent weight of reactant (compound) per liter of solution. The equivalent weight of an acid is that weight that contains 1 gram atomic weight of ionizable hydrogen or its chemical equivalent. For example, the equivalent weight of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is 49 (98 divided by 2 because there are 2 replaceable hydrogen ions). A 1.0 N solution of sulfuric acid would consist of 49 grams of H₂SO₄ dissolved in enough water to make 1 liter of solution.

Example 10

Replace Example 10 with:

How much sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) would you need to make 1.00 L of 0.15 N solution? For sodium carbonate, z is equal to 2 because 2 hydrogens can replace the sodium atoms on the molecule (i.e., these are hydrogen reaction sites). The molarity (M) of the desired solution is:

$$M = {N \over {\rm{z}}} = {{0.30} \over 2} = 0.15{{{\rm{mol}}} \over {\rm{L}}}$$

The molecular weight (MW) of Na₂CO₃ is:

$${\rm{MW}} = \left( {2 \times 23} \right) + 12 + \left( {3 \times 16} \right) = 106{{\rm{g}} \over {{\rm{mol}}}}$$

Therefore, the mass needed for a 0.15 M solution is:

$$0.15\left[ {{{{\rm{mol}}} \over {\rm{L}}}} \right] \times 106\left[ {{{\rm{g}} \over {{\rm{mol}}}}} \right] = 15.9{{\rm{g}} \over {\rm{L}}}$$

“Corrosive Materials” section, “Miscellaneous Corrosive Chemicals” subsection, line 1

Insert a right parenthesis between “ferric chloride” and the comma that follows.

“WHAT IS TESTED” section, table column head

For: Common Range, NTU

Read: Common Range, pH

Example 12, third equation

For: \({{\rm{V}}_{{\rm{after}}\,{\rm{dilution}}}} = {{\rm{V}}_{{\rm{standard}}}} - {{\rm{V}}_{{\rm{dilution}}\,{\rm{water}}}}\)

Read: \({{\rm{V}}_{{\rm{after}}\,{\rm{dilution}}}} = {{\rm{V}}_{{\rm{standard}}}} + {{\rm{V}}_{{\rm{dilution}}\,{\rm{water}}}}\)

“Where” list under the equation in the pink box, second item

For: \({N_{{\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}}\)

Read: \({N_{{\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_3}}}\)

Example 13, number 1, third equation

For: \[{{\rm{A}}_{\rm{p}}} = {10^{ - 4}}N \times 50,000{{{\rm{mg}}} \over N} = 5{{{\rm{mg}}} \over {\rm{L}}}\]

Read: \[{{\rm{A}}_{\rm{p}}} = {10^{ - 4}}N \times 50,000{{{\rm{mg}}} \over {{\rm{L}} \cdot N}} = 5{{{\rm{mg}}} \over {\rm{L}}}\]

Example 13, number 2, second equation

For:

$${{\rm{A}}_{\rm{t}}} = 0.00136{\rm{ }}N \times 50,000{{{\rm{mg}}} \over N} = 68{{{\rm{mg}}} \over {\rm{L}}}$$

Read:

$${{\rm{A}}_{\rm{t}}} = 0.00136{\rm{ }}N \times 50,000{{mg} \over {{\rm{L}} \cdot N}} = 68{{{\rm{mg}}} \over {\rm{L}}}$$

Example 15

Replace Example 15 with:

To estimate the hardness of a water sample from a well, a sample of that well water was collected for a titration test. The results from the titrant standardization were as follows:

V_standard = Volume of standard CaCO₃ solution = 25 mL
V_EDTA = Volume of EDTA titrant used = 24.3 mL
C_standard = Standard CaCO₃ solution concentration = 1 mg/mL

The results from the titration test of the well water sample were as follows:

V_sample = volume of the sample = 25 mL
V_titrant = volume of EDTA used for the sample = 10.7 mL

Estimate the hardness of the well water in milligrams per liter as CaCO₃.

Solution:

This is a two-step process: First, use a standard solution of CaCO₃ of 1 mg/mL concentration to determine how much titrant (EDTA) is needed. This is a buffer solution (B). Second, use the water sample titration information to estimate the hardness.

So, to estimate how many milligrams are equivalent to 1 milliliter of EDTA solution with the 1 mg/mL standard solution of CaCO₃, use the following equation:

Then, using the sample titration results, calculate hardness (H) using the following equation:

\(\eqalign{
  & H\left[ {{{mg\,CaC{O_3}} \over L}} \right] &  = {{{V_{{\rm{titrant}}}}\left[ {mL} \right] \times B\left[ {{{mg\,as\,CaC{O_3}} \over {mL\,EDTA}}} \right]} \over {{V_{sample}}\left[ {mL} \right]}} \times {{1,000\,mL} \over L}  \cr
  &  &  = {{10.7\left[ {mL} \right] \times 1.03\left[ {{{mg\,as\,CaC{O_3}} \over {mL\,EDTA}}} \right]} \over {25\left[ {mL} \right]}} \times {{1,000\,mL} \over L}  \cr
  &  &  = 441{{mg} \over L}\,{\rm{as CaC}}{{\rm{O}}_3} \cr} \)

b. Reagents, paragraph following numbered list, line 2

For: manganeses

Read: manganese

Last paragraph on page (between Example 23 and Figure 9.32)

For: Interpreting the five-dilution test is a bit tricky, but you should not have to do it often. After you have determined the general range of coliform counts for a water source, in subsequent samples you can you can dilute the original to get into the range of counts covered by a three-dilution test. For instance, if you dilute the sample in Example 4 above by 100 before running the three-dilution test, you can expect results like 4-3-3 or 4-4-2 or 5-1-1, all of which can be read directly from Table 9.4. Multiply the MPN Index by 100 to account for the initial dilution of the sample.

Read: Interpreting the five-dilution test is a bit tricky, but you should not have to do it often. After you have determined the general range of coliform counts for a water source, in subsequent samples you can dilute the original to get into the range of counts covered by a three-dilution test. For instance, if you dilute the sample in Example 22 by 100 before running the three-dilution test, you would expect to get a 5-1-1 result, which can be read directly from Table 9.4. Multiply the MPN Index by 100 to account for the initial dilution of the sample.

Table 9.8, “Chloride,” “Vol. Req. (mL)” column

For: 50

Read: 500

Table 9.8, “Chlorine, Total Residual,” “Vol. Req. (mL)” column

For: 500

Read: 50

Key Terms

For: total dynamic head (TDM)

Read: total dynamic head (TDH)

Example 3, paragraph 2, line 1

For: indicated

Read: indicate

Example 41, last equation

For: H_P

Read: H_p

Paragraph 5 (last paragraph of section), line 2

For: kW-hr

Read: kWh

“Writing Numbers in the SI System” sidebar, paragraph 1

For: Which of the following is the correct way to write the number based on SI system?

Read: Which of the following is the correct way to write the number based on the SI system?

Paragraph 4, line 3

For: wireto-water efficiency

Read: wire-to-water efficiency

Section A.7.8 title

For: Pump Speed-Performance Relationships

Section A.8.3.1, “Graphs and Charts,” paragraph 2, line 11

For: yaxis

Read: y-axis

Example 63, equation, line 3

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Table at the bottom of the page, column header for third column

For: Dependent Variable (Bod) Equations

Read: Dependent Variable (BOD) Equations

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)

Glossary definition for “N (normal)” (corrected version)

A normal solution contains 1 gram equivalent weight of reactant (compound) per liter of solution. The equivalent weight of an acid is that weight that contains 1 gram atomic weight of ionizable hydrogen or its chemical equivalent. For example, the equivalent weight of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is 49 (98 divided by 2 because there are 2 replaceable hydrogen ions). A 1.0 N solution of sulfuric acid would consist of 49 grams of H₂SO₄ dissolved in enough water to make 1 liter of solution.

For: Giardia lamblia

Read: Giardia lamblia

Figure 5.1, top of graphic

For: MOLECUAR RANGE

Read: MOLECULAR RANGE

For: MACRO RANGE

Read: MICRO RANGE

For: MICRO PARTICLE RANGE

Read: MACRO PARTICLE RANGE

Example 63, equation, line 4

For: 454.5 g

Read: 453.6 g

Example 63, equation, line 5

For: 1,492 lb/d

Read 1,494 lb/d

Glossary definition for “galvanic cell” (revised)